氧分子流作為黑頭呆魚胚胎的生理應激指標：一個實時水質生物監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)
| |||
| 氧分子流作為黑頭呆魚胚胎的生理應激指標：一個實時水質生物監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)
| |||
|
淡水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的安全與否對于人類來說至關重要，所以實時監(jiān)測淡水環(huán)境中有害化學物質和生物制劑的含量是否超標非常必要。近期，美國普渡大學的科學家使用非損傷微測技術建立了一套實時監(jiān)測水質的系統(tǒng)。 這項研究報告發(fā)表在《環(huán)境科學與技術》（Environmental Science and Technology）雜志上，通過非損傷探測方法可以發(fā)現(xiàn)多種污染物，如除草劑阿特拉津(atrazine)，其探測敏感性十分有效，甚至能探測到低于美國國家環(huán)境保護局(EPA)的標準。該研究在五個不同的模式（包括阿特拉津、氯化鎘、五氯酚、馬拉硫磷和氰化鉀）下對受精后兩天的黑頭呆魚胚胎呼吸耗氧量的實時影響，評價黑頭呆魚胚胎處于低濃度污染物時耗氧量瞬間變化的靈敏度。處理兩小時后，五氯酚、氯化鎘、阿特拉津導致耗氧增加，氰化鉀、阿拉特津導致耗氧減少，馬拉硫磷處理沒有顯著影響。 本研究的負責人Marshall Portfield稱，這項技術可用于其他有機生命體，如果將胚胎魚結合使用于瘤細胞，能夠檢測到潛在的致癌藥物，或幫助發(fā)現(xiàn)新的治療目標。普渡大學提出的這一研究理論具有很大的優(yōu)勢，它記錄了敏感生命階段的呼吸作用。這項研究非常令人欣慰，它能夠成為保護人類健康的一項潛在應用工具。該研究采用非損傷微測技術l來監(jiān)測環(huán)境毒物的存在，為水質監(jiān)測提供了新的思路和方法。 |
   上圖： 通過非損傷微測系統(tǒng)檢測魚胚胎的耗氧，在不同污染物處理下氧流不同 | ||
關鍵詞：非損傷微測技術(NMT)，環(huán)境監(jiān)測，氧氣(Oxygen flux)，水質
參考文獻：Sanchez BC, et al. Environ. Sci. Technol , 2008, 42, 7010-7017
全文下載：http://www.xuyue.net/xylt/attachment.php?aid=93
Abstract:
The detection of harmful chemicals and biological agents in real time is a critical need for protecting freshwater ecosystems. We studied the real-time effects of five environmental contaminants with differing modes of action (atrazine, cadmium chloride, pentachlorophenol, malathion, and potassium cyanide) on respiratory oxygen consumption in 2-day postfertilization fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) eggs. Our objective was to assess the sensitivity of fathead minnow eggs using the self-referencing micro-optrode technique to detect instantaneous changes in oxygen consumption after brief exposures to low concentrations of contaminants. Oxygen consumption data indicated that the technique is indeed sensitive enough to reliably detect physiological alterations induced by four of the five contaminants. After 2 h of exposure, we identified significant increases in oxygen consumption upon exposure to pentachlorophenol (100 and 1000 μg/L), cadmium chloride (0.0002 and 0.002 μg/L), and atrazine (150 μg/L). In contrast, we observed a significant decrease in oxygen flux after exposures to potassium cyanide (44and66μg/L)andatrazine (1500 μg/L). No effects were detected after exposures to malathion (200 and 340 μg/L). Our work is the first step in development of a new technique for physiologically coupled biomonitoring as a sensitive and reliable tool for the detection of environmental toxicants.
Copyright(C) 1998-2026 生物器材網 電話：021-64166852;13621656896 E-mail：info@bio-equip.com